Spending

DOE Has Nearly $80 Billion to Spend on Innovation

The One Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBBA) rescinded only $1.8 billion of U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) funds available for grantmaking in innovation offices. Budget increases from fiscal year 2022 to 2025 mostly come from the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law; these funds have no expiration date and are available until expended.

Total budgetary resources, science and energy innovation programs (excluding Loan Programs Office), 2017-2026

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Note: The EFI Foundation’s analysis focuses exclusively on DOE’s science and energy innovation offices, unless noted otherwise. See our methodology for a full list of offices tracked

“Total budgetary resources” include DOE’s full obligational authority in a given fiscal year, unless noted otherwise, including appropriations, unobligated carryover balances, and authority from offsetting collections. Off-budget financing accounts are excluded. Data are from the Office of Management and Budget’s Technical Supplement (2017-2026).

Over 70% of the Cancelled Award Funding Does Not Expire

In 2025, DOE canceled 345 awards totaling $11.08 billion, $8.8 billion of which was already contractually obligated to projects. Over 70% of that obligated funding carries no expiration date, meaning those dollars will remain at DOE until expended or Congress acts to reprogram them.

Canceled award funding (in billions of dollars)

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Note: These data reflect all DOE award cancellations since January 20, 2025, totaling $11.08 billion

EFIF used USAspending.gov’s interface to identify the Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) each canceled award was issued under. The FOAs specify the statute that appropriated funding for the award program, and the statutes specify the expiration date, or lack thereof, for the appropriations. Award amount data are from a mix of DOE and recipient press releases and media coverage.

Congress Rejected Major Program Cuts and Project Terminations

DOE received $14.63 billion in the fiscal year (FY) 2026 Congressional appropriations bill passed in January, a 3% reduction from FY 2025 levels and a 43% increase from the White House proposal. The bill also includes a guardrail against future award terminations, directing that DOE “shall not terminate a federal award … on the basis that the federal award no longer effectuates program goals or agency priorities”

Difference between White House FY2026 budget request and Congress-passed FY26 Energy and Water Bill

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Note: Data are from OMB’s Presidential Budget Request Technical Supplement for Fiscal year 2026 and

H.R.6938 – Commerce, Justice, Science; Energy and Water Development; and Interior and Environment Appropriations Act, 2026.